SCREENING FOR CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE

In general, every adults should have a screening test done for CKD, especially those who are at risk for CKD. The screening process is simple and only require three easy tests :

1. blood pressure measurement

2. urine analysis for protein and blood

3. blood test for creatinine level

Such tests should be preformed at the first instance the underlying disease (e.g. diabetes mellitus) is diagnosed and subsequently on an annual basis.

KIDNEY DISEASE - CAUSES

The main cause of kidney failure in Singapore is diabetes mellitus which accounts for more than 50% of the cases. Other common causes that may affect the kidneys are :

• Glomerulonephritis (chronic inflammation and scaring of the kidneys)

• Hypertension

• Inherited kidney diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease

• Urinary tract obstruction caused by problems such as kidney stones, enlarged prostate in elderly males

• Recurrent urinary tract infections

RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can affect people of all ages. Prevention and early identification of CKD with early appropriate treatment can significantly increase the chances of retarding and reversing the deterioration process. By understanding the common causes of CKD, we can now appreciate that some people are more likely than others to develop kidney disease.

You may have an increase risk for CKD if you:

• have diabetes

• have hypertension

• have a positive family history of CKD

• are elderly

Find a Renal Physician

Expert Author:

Dr Roger Tan, Consultant Nephrologist