WHAT ARE THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY

Cardiovascular Disease
Obesity is an independent risk factor for heart attacks, coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death. Obesity is also closely associated with hypertension, as weight gain has been shown to increase blood pressure and weight loss decreases it. The association between obesity and strokes is less clear, but may be causally related to high blood pressure instead.

Metabolic Disease
Obesity affects glucose metabolism and increases resistance to insulin, thus increasing the likelihood of developing diabetes. Obesity can also lead to hyperlipidaemia (high cholesterol levels) and decreased fertility. It is also associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Obesity plays a key role in the development of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).  OSA is a condition characterized by loud snoring during sleep with periods of apnoea (stopped breathing), resulting in disturbed quality of sleep and daytime fatigue.

Orthopaedic Problems
Increased body weight puts excessive strain on the knees and hips, often leading to osteoarthritis.  The lower back is often also under constant strain resulting in frequent back pains.

Cancers
Several cancers are more common in obese individuals.  These include colorectal, liver, kidney, oesophageal, gallbladder, stomach, prostate, breast, uterus, cervix, ovary and pancreatic cancers.

Gallbladder Disease
Gall stones and their related complications are more common in obese individuals.

Psychological Problems
In modern day society, where to be slim is beautiful, obese or overweight individuals may suffer from loss of self-esteem, occasionally resulting in depression.

Reduced Life-Expectancy
Obesity is one of the leading preventable causes of death.  On average, obesity reduces life expectancy by 6 to 7 years.